Selenium Proxy Authentication
how to set proxy with authentication in … – Stack Overflow
Selenium Chrome Proxy Authentication
Setting chromedriver proxy with Selenium using Python
If you need to use a proxy with python and Selenium library with chromedriver you usually use the following code (Without any username and password:
chrome_options = romeOptions()
d_argument(‘–proxy-server=%s’% hostname + “:” + port)
driver = (chrome_options=chrome_options)
It works fine unless proxy requires authentication. if the proxy requires you to log in with a username and password it will not work. In this case, you have to use more tricky solution that is explained below. By the way, if you whitelist your server IP address from the proxy provider or server it should not ask proxy credentials.
HTTP Proxy Authentication with Chromedriver in Selenium
To set up proxy authentication we will generate a special file and upload it to chromedriver dynamically using the following code below. This code configures selenium with chromedriver to use HTTP proxy that requires authentication with user/password pair.
import os
import zipfile
from selenium import webdriver
PROXY_HOST = ‘192. 168. 3. 2’ # rotating proxy or host
PROXY_PORT = 8080 # port
PROXY_USER = ‘proxy-user’ # username
PROXY_PASS = ‘proxy-password’ # password
manifest_json = “””
{
“version”: “1. 0. 0”,
“manifest_version”: 2,
“name”: “Chrome Proxy”,
“permissions”: [
“proxy”,
“tabs”,
“unlimitedStorage”,
“storage”,
“
“webRequest”,
“webRequestBlocking”],
“background”: {
“scripts”: [“”]},
“minimum_chrome_version”:”22. 0″}
“””
background_js = “””
var config = {
mode: “fixed_servers”,
rules: {
singleProxy: {
scheme: “”,
host: “%s”,
port: parseInt(%s)},
bypassList: [“localhost”]}};
({value: config, scope: “regular”}, function() {});
function callbackFn(details) {
return {
authCredentials: {
username: “%s”,
password: “%s”}};}
dListener(
callbackFn,
{urls: [“
[‘blocking’]);
“””% (PROXY_HOST, PROXY_PORT, PROXY_USER, PROXY_PASS)
def get_chromedriver(use_proxy=False, user_agent=None):
path = ((__file__))
if use_proxy:
pluginfile = ”
with File(pluginfile, ‘w’) as zp:
zp. writestr(“”, manifest_json)
zp. writestr(“”, background_js)
d_extension(pluginfile)
if user_agent:
d_argument(‘–user-agent=%s’% user_agent)
driver = (
(path, ‘chromedriver’),
chrome_options=chrome_options)
return driver
def main():
driver = get_chromedriver(use_proxy=True)
(”)
if __name__ == ‘__main__’:
main()
Function get_chromedriver returns configured selenium webdriver that you can use in your application. This code is tested and works just fine.
Read more about onAuthRequired event in Chrome.
Proxy Authentication using Selenium Webdriver – H2k Infosys
Proxy servers are a great tool to help you access any websites or page using your browser.
Your identity remains hidden. For instance, if you want to access data from a company abroad, all you have to do is use a proxy server to conduct this action.
If the website only allows users from their country access, the proxy server will hide your location and pretend that you are residing from that particular company’s residence. No one will have a clue that you, sitting in India, are accessing companies’ data from abroad.
You can conduct this action easily when you have the right proxy servers in your hand. The finest two are called HTTPS proxy and SOCKS proxy.
What Are HTTPS Proxies?
When you search in your web browser, you have found many links that start with “. ” When you see this, you must understand that the web page is using an HTTP protocol to function.
Http proxies function via a client and server model. For instance, being the client, you will type in the web browser to access some information. Your HTTP protocol will send the request for your access in the form of a URL link. The server on the other end will respond to that link along with the information you requested back to you. The resource you receive will also be in HTTP format.
In HTTP, you can conduct safer actions with the help of multiple proxy servers available in the market today. The HTTP proxy will function just the way it did above but with a proxy server; it will be easier to safeguard your identity.
What Is a SOCKS Proxy?
Lightproxies states “SOCKS is a type of internet protocol that sends network packets from the server to the client and vice versa via a proxy server. ’’
A SOCKS proxy, which is referred to as Socket Secure, manages information online with the use of a proxy server.
Over here, the SOCKS proxy uses its SOCKS protocol. Unlike proxies, SOCKS proxies are more dependable when compared to.
Difference Between SOCKS and HTTP Proxies:
1. Functionality:
HTTPS proxies use only HTTP protocol, which means their functionality depends on what they follow. Since they conduct the action of retrieving information via the web browser, they are best suited for users who would use it for the same purpose.
Unlike, SOCKS functions a little differently. It doesn’t function using an HTTP protocol. This doesn’t restrict it from allowing users to view information online. Ideally, SOCKS is used for more general-purposes and is considered to be a lower level proxy.
This, however, isn’t a disadvantage because they are not liable to a particular set of network protocols, thus giving their users the flexibility to utilize this proxy anywhere.
2. Security:
The whole agenda of using a proxy is to remain safe and covered while accessing information online. As mentioned earlier, proxy servers are a great medium to safeguard your online activities.
The best part is that SOCKS proxies utilize it hence ensuring a good security weight when compared to HTTP proxies.
With HTTP proxies, there are chances of your data being viewed and recorded during the client-server proxies taking place. If this happens you remain at high risk. With SOCKS proxy this issue cannot occur since the proxy isn’t able to read the data.
But if you continue to use an HTTP proxy, you can remain safeguarded online by establishing a tunnel connection. The tunnel functions as a wall where it makes your activities online harder to be traced and leaves you more safe and secure to continue functioning.
3. Speed:
HTTPs proxies offer you 2 types of proxies to invest in when it comes to speed, Private and Public proxies.
With private proxies, you can single-handedly manage your online activities without any hassle. With public proxies, it is the opposite. Since the users are high, the speed gets affected where the internet will take a long time to even help you access a web page you want to see.
With SOCKS proxy being a general one, it is simple and quicker with its speed. It reduces the need for any code to be applied and hence it is ideal to transfer or download data from online.
Also ensure that apart from these proxies, you also need to search for well-established proxy companies that offer this service because, with the servers they offer, the internet and bandwidth speed can also help you function better for all your online activities.
4. Connecting with Tools:
Either of these two proxies must be able to connect with the tools that you use.
HTTP proxy servers mostly connect with all tools, but with SOCKS proxy you might not be able to connect too as many devices when compared to HTTPS. Hence, it is essential that you keep track of which tools you utilize the most and then decide which proxy you want to apply.
The best way you can do this is by researching the various proxy servers available in the market.
It has various options to choose from and also has a dedicated section for SOCKS proxy users where you can benefit many of the advantages they offer under it. Also, you can keep track of the tools that are a fit for HTTPS and SOCKS proxy so that you can easily decide which one you can use.
There are different techniques to handle Proxy Authentication in Selenium WebDriver.
TECHNIQUE# 1: BY PASSING USER NAME & PASSWORD IN URL
This is the most common technique. Here we add user name and password as the prefix in URL. Hence the structure of the URL will become:
username:password@
For example: If Username is Robert & Password is Pass12345 then the URL will be- Robert:Pass1234@
TECHNIQUE# 2: BY USING 3RD PARTY TOOL
We can use a third party tool like AutoIT to handle the browser authentication window in Selenium WebDriver.
WinWaitActivate(“Authentication Required”, “”)
Send(“Username{TAB}Password{ENTER}”)
TECHNIQUE# 3: THROUGH WEBDRIVER WAIT FOR ALERT
You can use the below program as well to handle the browser authentication window in your Selenium project. It is similar to Explicit wait. Here is the code:
WebDriverWait webdriverWait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);
Alert alert = (ertIsPresent());
thenticateUsing(new UserAndPassword(username, password));
TECHNIQUE# 4: THROUGH PROXY SETTINGS
You can set proxy and desired capabilities to handle browser authentication window. Here is the sample code:
DesiredCapabilities capabilities = ();
Proxy proxy = new Proxy();
tHttpProxy(“proxy address”);
tCapability(, proxy);
driver = new ChromeDriver(capabilities);
How to Handle Proxy Authentication in Selenium Webdriver
What is a Proxy?
A proxy acts as an intermediary between clients sending requests and server responding. The primary use of a proxy is to maintain privacy and encapsulation between multiple interactive systems.
A proxy can also add another layer of security on the web by acting as a firewall between Client and web servers. This is especially used when the websites that clients use have to be labeled as allowed or blocked based on the website content.
This process is known as ‘Content Filtering’ and is most commonly used in Educational Institutions, Corporate Offices, etc. Content Filtering can be easily accomplished with the help of a proxy.
In terms on the Internet, a proxy can be implemented as a separate server which stands in between client machines and actual web or database servers responding.
In this tutorial, you will learn
Difference between SOCKS and HTTP Proxy
2 Methods of HTTP Proxy authentication with Selenium in Chrome
Using the AutoIT tool
Using Alerts
SOCKS
HTTP Proxy
SOCKS stands for secured sockets. It is generally used as a firewall between the Client and the server
HTTP Proxy can also be used as a firewall between the Client and the server but can be used only for HTTP Requests
SOCKS does not interpret the data being exchanged
HTTP Proxy interprets the data being exchanged between the Client and the server
Slower in terms of performance
Better performance compared to SOCKS
HTTP Proxy authentication with Selenium in Chrome can be handled using the following approaches
Auto IT is a third party tool that is used for windows desktop automation. Since Selenium only handles web-based popups and windows, handling operating system controls is not possible using Selenium.
This requires the use of external third-party tools such as Auto IT to be integrated with Selenium. For that, Auto IT is most commonly used for handling file uploads and file downloads on websites.
To use AutoIT, You need to download and install AutoIT software on our local machines.
Download an install of AutoIT is covered in the article.
Open Programs – Autoit tool – SciTE Script Editor and add the below mentioned AutoIt script in Autoit editor and save it as ‘3’ in your system
Compile the file and Convert it as ‘’
In Eclipse, add the Auto IT file to Selenium Script and run
Below is the AutoIT script for HTTP Proxy authentication
Send(“guru99{ENTER}”)
You need to pass the Auto IT file for execution on Selenium webdriver using the below code
Source Code:
package Guru99Demo;
import;
public class AutoITDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
tProperty(“”, “D:\ “);;
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
(“);
//Passing the AutoIt Script to Selenium
tRuntime()(“D:\Data_Personal\”);}}
Code Explanation:
In the first step, You are initializing an instance of Chrome driver by setting the system property to point the file
In the second step, You are then initializing an object of web driver and passing the website URL using get method
Finally, You are passing username and password to HTTP Proxy authentication popup using an AutoIT script file
Code Output:
Username Alert Handling Using AutoIT
Password Alert Handling Using AutoIT
Proxy Authentication Success Screen
Alerts are simple, inbuilt feature provided by Selenium web driver. You can handle proxy authentication popups using Selenium web driver by switching to the HTTP proxy authentication alert and passing the user name and password directly to the alert. With the help of send keys method.
Example:
Test Scenario:
Handle the HTTP Proxy authentication popup on the website: using Alerts in Selenium web driver.
Source code Example:
public class AlertsDemo {
public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException {
tProperty(“”, “D:\Data_Personal\Software\chromedriver_win32\”);;
// Handling Username alert
driver. switchTo()(). sendKeys(“guru99”);
driver. switchTo()()();
// Handling Password alert
driver. switchTo()()();}}
Proxy Authentication done successfully.
Initially, You are instantiating an instance of Chrome driver by setting the webdriver property to point the location of file
Then, You are opening the URL of required website by passing the URL as a parameter to () method
Once URL is opened, You are switching to the username alert and sending the username – guru99. Youare then clicking on OK button on the alert using method
Then, You are switching to the password alert and sending the password – guru99. You are then clicking on OK button on the alert using method
Summary
A proxy acts as an intermediary between clients sending requests and server responding. The basic use of a proxy is to maintain privacy and encapsulation between multiple interactive systems.
Passing username and password in the website URL
Of the above three approaches, using alerts is the most effective way to handle HTTP Proxy authentication in Selenium webdriver
Frequently Asked Questions about selenium proxy authentication
How does selenium handle proxy?
An unauthenticated proxy server in Selenium can be set up with the following steps:Import Selenium WebDriver from the package.Define the proxy server (IP:PORT)Set ChromeOptions()Add the proxy server argument to the options.Add the options to the Chrome() instance.Nov 19, 2020
How do I authenticate a proxy?
When Proxy Authentication is disabled, you are only allowed to configure new policies using IP addresses….To configure user authentication method:Go to Core Settings > Connection Settings.Click the Proxy Authentication switch to enable.In the Proxy Authentication area, select one of the following options:
How does selenium handle proxy popups?
To handle the basic authentication popup, we can pass the username and password along with the web page’s URL. When the login pop-up is prompted, we enter the username as “admin” and the password as “admin” and then login. Thus, the user would be successfully logged into the website.Mar 23, 2021
