Python Use Proxy Requests
Proxies with Python ‘Requests’ module – Stack Overflow
Just a short, simple one about the excellent Requests module for Python.
I can’t seem to find in the documentation what the variable ‘proxies’ should contain. When I send it a dict with a standard “IP:PORT” value it rejected it asking for 2 values.
So, I guess (because this doesn’t seem to be covered in the docs) that the first value is the ip and the second the port?
The docs mention this only:
proxies – (optional) Dictionary mapping protocol to the URL of the proxy.
So I tried this… what should I be doing?
proxy = { ip: port}
and should I convert these to some type before putting them in the dict?
r = (url, headers=headers, proxies=proxy)
asked Nov 27 ’11 at 17:50
0
The proxies’ dict syntax is {“protocol”:”ip:port”,… }. With it you can specify different (or the same) proxie(s) for requests using,, and ftp protocols:
_proxy = ”
ftp_proxy = ”
proxyDict = {
“”: _proxy,
“ftp”: ftp_proxy}
r = (url, headers=headers, proxies=proxyDict)
Deduced from the requests documentation:
Parameters:
method – method for the new Request object.
url – URL for the new Request object….
proxies – (optional) Dictionary mapping protocol to the URL of the proxy….
On linux you can also do this via the HTTP_PROXY, HTTPS_PROXY, and FTP_PROXY environment variables:
export HTTP_PROXY=10. 10. 1. 10:3128
export HTTPS_PROXY=10. 11:1080
export FTP_PROXY=10. 10:3128
On Windows:
set _proxy=10. 10:3128
set _proxy=10. 11:1080
set ftp_proxy=10. 10:3128
Thanks, Jay for pointing this out:
The syntax changed with requests 2. 0. 0.
You’ll need to add a schema to the url:
answered Nov 27 ’11 at 18:08
chownchown49. 6k16 gold badges129 silver badges167 bronze badges
12
I have found that urllib has some really good code to pick up the system’s proxy settings and they happen to be in the correct form to use directly. You can use this like:
import urllib…
r = (”, tproxies())
It works really well and urllib knows about getting Mac OS X and Windows settings as well.
EddyG6174 silver badges12 bronze badges
answered May 1 ’13 at 1:54
Ben GoldingBen Golding6466 silver badges8 bronze badges
7
You can refer to the proxy documentation here.
If you need to use a proxy, you can configure individual requests with the proxies argument to any request method:
import requests
proxies = {
“”: “,
“”: “, }
(“, proxies=proxies)
To use HTTP Basic Auth with your proxy, use the syntax:
“”: “user:pass@10. 10:3128/”}
erb11. 8k4 gold badges25 silver badges35 bronze badges
answered Nov 15 ’12 at 10:13
Zhifeng HuZhifeng Hu1, 0431 gold badge10 silver badges5 bronze badges
The accepted answer was a good start for me, but I kept getting the following error:
AssertionError: Not supported proxy scheme None
Fix to this was to specify the in the proxy url thus:
ftp_proxy = “10. 10:3128″
I’d be interested as to why the original works for some people but not me.
Edit: I see the main answer is now updated to reflect this:)
answered Feb 3 ’14 at 14:28
Owen BOwen B1, 15513 silver badges15 bronze badges
1
If you’d like to persisist cookies and session data, you’d best do it like this:
”: ‘user:pass@10. 0:3128’,
”: ‘user:pass@10. 0:3128’, }
# Create the session and set the proxies.
s = ssion()
oxies = proxies
# Make the HTTP request through the session.
r = (”)
answered Nov 30 ’18 at 18:16
UserUser21. 1k36 gold badges99 silver badges189 bronze badges
8 years late. But I like:
import os
os. environ[‘HTTP_PROXY’] = os. environ[‘_proxy’] = ‘-connect-proxy:3128/’
os. environ[‘HTTPS_PROXY’] = os. environ[‘NO_PROXY’] = os. environ[‘no_proxy’] = ‘127. 1, localhost, ‘
r = (”) #, verify=False
answered Feb 22 ’20 at 14:10
qräbnöqräbnö1, 81122 silver badges30 bronze badges
i just made a proxy graber and also can connect with same grabed proxy without any input
here is:
#Import Modules
from termcolor import colored
from selenium import webdriver
import sys
import time
#Proxy Grab
options = romeOptions()
d_argument(‘headless’)
driver = (chrome_options=options)
(“)
tbody = nd_element_by_tag_name(“tbody”)
cell = nd_elements_by_tag_name(“tr”)
for column in cell:
column = (” “)
print(colored(column[0]+”:”+column[1], ‘yellow’))
()
print(“”)
(‘clear’)
(‘cls’)
#Proxy Connection
print(colored(‘Getting Proxies from graber… ‘, ‘green’))
(2)
proxy = {“”: “”+ column[0]+”:”+column[1]}
url = ”
r = (url, proxies=proxy)
print(colored(‘Connecting using proxy’, ‘green’))
sts = atus_code
answered Dec 25 ’18 at 12:24
here is my basic class in python for the requests module with some proxy configs and stopwatch!
class BaseCheck():
def __init__(self, url):
tp_proxy = “user:pw@proxy:8080”
tps_proxy = “user:pw@proxy:8080”
self. ftp_proxy = “user:pw@proxy:8080”
oxyDict = {
“”: tp_proxy,
“”: tps_proxy,
“ftp”: self. ftp_proxy}
= url
def makearr(tsteps):
global stemps
global steps
stemps = {}
for step in tsteps:
stemps[step] = { ‘start’: 0, ‘end’: 0}
steps = tsteps
makearr([‘init’, ‘check’])
def starttime(typ = “”):
for stemp in stemps:
if typ == “”:
stemps[stemp][‘start’] = ()
else:
stemps[stemp][typ] = ()
starttime()
def __str__(self):
return str()
def getrequests(self):
(, oxyDict)
print atus_code
print ntent
print
stemps[‘init’][‘end’] = ()
#print stemps[‘init’][‘end’] – stemps[‘init’][‘start’]
x= stemps[‘init’][‘end’] – stemps[‘init’][‘start’]
print x
test=BaseCheck(url=”)
trequests()
answered Nov 13 ’12 at 14:30
mtt2pmtt2p1, 6401 gold badge12 silver badges20 bronze badges
It’s a bit late but here is a wrapper class that simplifies scraping proxies and then making an POST or GET:
ProxyRequests
answered Aug 8 ’18 at 15:02
I share some code how to fetch proxies from the site ” and store data to a file compatible with tools like “Elite Proxy Switcher”(format IP:PORT):
##PROXY_UPDATER – get free proxies from from import fromstring
from itertools import cycle
import traceback
import re
######################FIND PROXIES#########################################
def get_proxies():
response = (url)
parser = fromstring()
proxies = set()
for i in (‘//tbody/tr’)[:299]: #299 proxies max
proxy = “:”([(‘. //td[1]/text()’)
[0], (‘. //td[2]/text()’)[0]])
(proxy)
return proxies
######################write to file in format IP:PORT######################
try:
proxies = get_proxies()
f=open(”, ‘w’)
for proxy in proxies:
(proxy+’\n’)
print (“DONE”)
except:
print (“MAJOR ERROR”)
answered Jul 12 ’20 at 18:45
2
Learn How To Configure And Utilize Proxies With Python – Zyte
Sending HTTP requests in Python is not necessarily easy. We have built-in modules like urllib, urllib2 to deal with HTTP requests. Also, we have third-party tools like Requests. Many developers use Requests because it is high level and designed to make it extremely easy to send HTTP requests.
But choosing the tool which is most suitable for your needs is just one thing. In the web scraping world, there are many obstacles we need to overcome. One huge challenge is when your scraper gets blocked. To solve this problem, you need to use proxies. In this article, I’m going to show you how to utilize proxies when using the Requests module so your scraper will not get banned.
Requests and proxies
In this part, we’re going to cover how to configure proxies in Requests. To get started we need a working proxy and a URL we want to send the request to.
Basic usage
import requests
proxies = {
“”: “,
“”: “, }
r = (“, proxies=proxies)
The proxies dictionary must follow this scheme. It is not enough to define only the proxy address and port. You also need to specify the protocol. You can use the same proxy for multiple protocols. If you need authentication use this syntax for your proxy:
user:pass@10. 10. 10:8000
Environment variables
In the above example, you can define proxies for each individual request. If you don’t need this kind of customization you can just set these environment variables:
export HTTP_PROXY=”
export HTTPS_PROXY=”
This way you don’t need to define any proxies in your code. Just make the request and it will work.
Proxy with session
Sometimes you need to create a session and use a proxy at the same time to request a page. In this case, you first have to create a new session object and add proxies to it then finally send the request through the session object:
s = ssion()
oxies = {
r = (“)
IP rotating
As discussed earlier, a common problem that we encounter while extracting data from the web is that our scraper gets blocked. It is frustrating because if we can’t even reach the website we won’t be able to scrape it either. The solution for this is to use some kind of proxy or rather multiple rotating proxies. A proxy solution will let us get around the IP ban.
To be able to rotate IPs, we first need to have a pool of IP addresses. We can use free proxies that we can find on the internet or we can use commercial solutions for this. Be aware, that if your product/service relies on scraped data a free proxy solution will probably not be enough for your needs. If a high success rate and data quality are important for you, you should choose a paid proxy solution like Zyte Smart Proxy Manager (formerly Crawlera).
IP rotation with requests
So let’s say we have a list of proxies. Something like this:
ip_addresses = [“85. 237. 57. 198:44959”, “116. 0. 2. 94:43379”, “186. 86. 247. 169:39168”, “185. 132. 179. 112:1080”, “190. 61. 44. 86:9991”]
Then, we can randomly pick a proxy to use for our request. If the proxy works properly we can access the given site. If there’s a connection error we might want to delete this proxy from the list and retry the same URL with another proxy.
try:
proxy_index = random. randint(0, len(ip_addresses) – 1)
proxy = {“”: ip_addresses(proxy_index), “”: ip_addresses(proxy_index)}
(url, proxies=proxies)
except:
# implement here what to do when there’s a connection error
# for example: remove the used proxy from the pool and retry the request using another one
There are multiple ways you can handle connection errors. Because sometimes the proxy that you are trying to use is just simply banned. In this case, there’s not much you can do about it other than removing it from the pool and retrying using another proxy. But other times if it isn’t banned you just have to wait a little bit before using the same proxy again.
Implementing your own smart proxy solution which finds the best way to deal with errors is very hard to do. That’s why you should consider using a managed solution, like Zyte Smart Proxy Manager (formerly Crawlera), to avoid all the unnecessary pains with proxies.
Using Zyte Proxy Manager (formerly Crawlera) with requests
As a closing note, I want to show you how to solve proxy issues in the easiest way with Zyte Proxy Manager.
url = ”
proxy_host = “”
proxy_port = “8010”
proxy_auth = “:”
“”: “{}@{}:{}/”(proxy_auth, proxy_host, proxy_port),
“”: “{}@{}:{}/”(proxy_auth, proxy_host, proxy_port)}
r = (url, proxies=proxies, verify=False)
What does this piece of code do? It sends a successful HTTP request. When you use Zyte Proxy Manager, you don’t need to deal with proxy rotation manually. Everything is taken care of internally.
If you find that managing proxies on your own is too complex and you’re looking for an easy solution, give Zyte Smart Proxy Manager (formerly Crawlera) a go. It has a free trial!
Using Proxy in Python Requests package – jdhao’s blog
If we need to access the internet via a proxy server, we should set proxy
properly when making HTTP/HTTPS requests using the Requests is a simple code sample:import requests
proxy = {”: “server_ip:port”, ”: “server_ip:port”}
r = (url, proxies=proxy)
In the above code, we set the proxy used for and requests. However,
when I run the above code, I see the following error:(Caused by SSLError(SSLError(1, ‘[SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl. c:833)’), ))To temporarily disable SSL verification (note that this is dangerous for
production applications! Do this at your own risk! ), we can add verify=False to the requests method:r = (url, proxies=proxy, verify=False)
You will see the following warnings:InsecureRequestWarning: Unverified HTTPS request is being made. Adding
certificate verification is strongly advised. See: with Python ‘Requests’ module Requests throwing SSLErrorHow do I disable the security certificate check in Python requestsAuthor
jdhaoLastMod
2021-09-12License
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Frequently Asked Questions about python use proxy requests
How do I send a proxy request in Python?
Creating a Proxy Webserver in Python | Set 1Creating an incoming socket. We create a socket serverSocket in the __init__ method of the Server Class. This creates a socket for the incoming connections. … Accept client and process. This is the easiest yet the most important of all the steps. … Redirecting the traffic.Nov 15, 2017
How do you add a proxy in Python?
Proxy is a structural design pattern that provides an object that acts as a substitute for a real service object used by a client. A proxy receives client requests, does some work (access control, caching, etc.) and then passes the request to a service object.
